"Demographics or demographic data refers to selected population
characteristics as used in government, marketing or opinion
research, or the demographic profiles used in such research. Note
the distinction from the term "demography" (see below.)
Commonly-used demographics include race, age, income, disabilities,
mobility (in terms of travel time to work or number of vehicles
available), educational attainment, home ownership, employment
status, and even location. Distributions of values within a
demographic variable, and across households, are both of interest,
as well as trends over time. Demographics are frequently used in
economic and marketing research." -- wikipedia.com.
Demographic data is one of the best ways to target the right
customer at the right time at the right place.
Here's
a list with more information about Demographics. Check it out.